Field equipment
Loza Electromagnetic Systems — Loza-V and Loza-N
LOZA-V
Two platforms
LOZA-N
The Loza product family consists of two pulsed electromagnetic geophysical systems designed for field investigation in variable geological conditions. Both systems transmit short electromagnetic pulses into the subsurface and record the returning signal over a defined time window.
The two platforms differ in frequency range, energy output, time window, and intended application depth. Both are suitable for deployment in remote and difficult terrain.
The physical basis of pulsed electromagnetic subsurface investigation —
wave propagation, reflection from dielectric and conductivity boundaries,
and diffusion behavior at late times — follows standard electromagnetic theory
(Maxwell's equations, Sommerfeld, Wait). These phenomena are well-documented
in the scientific literature and are reproducible by anyone working with
low-frequency pulsed EM systems in the appropriate frequency and time range.
Our processing and interpretation workflows are a separate matter.
System 1
LOZA-V — Mid-Frequency Pulsed Electromagnetic Geoprobe
Loza-V is a mid-frequency pulsed electromagnetic system for engineering geology, near-surface hydrogeology, archaeology, and general subsurface mapping at shallow to moderate investigation depths.
The system supports multiple antenna configurations with different frequency ranges, allowing adjustment of depth vs. resolution tradeoff for the specific target. Practical investigation depth is controlled by ground conductivity, antenna configuration, and acquisition geometry.
A key hardware characteristic of Loza-V is its high energy output relative to conventional high-frequency GPR units of similar portability. This allows the system to maintain usable signal in more conductive ground conditions — clay-rich soils, chernozem, moderately mineralized terrain — where standard high-frequency systems lose penetration rapidly.
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Frequency band | 50–400 MHz (antenna configuration-dependent) |
| Time resolution | 1 / 2 / 4 ns |
| Pulse repetition rate | Up to 1000 Hz (mode-dependent) |
| Registration time window | 256 / 512 / 1024 / 2048 ns |
| Operating temperature | −20 to +50 °C |
| Primary applications | Engineering geology, near-surface hydrogeology, archaeology, infrastructure |
System 2
LOZA-N — Low-Frequency High-Energy Pulsed EM System
Loza-N is a low-frequency, high-energy pulsed electromagnetic system designed for deeper investigations — mineral exploration, deep hydrogeology, and targets where classical high-frequency GPR has insufficient penetration depth.
The system operates at low frequencies with a long time window (up to 4096 ns), which is necessary to capture the full electromagnetic response from depth. At these frequencies and time scales, the recorded signal contains both early-time and late-time response components — a physical consequence of low-frequency EM propagation in heterogeneous media, described in the standard literature on transient EM and near-field electromagnetics.
The antenna system uses low-frequency resistively loaded dipoles and a high-energy pulsed transmitter. Configuration depends on the investigation depth target and local ground conditions.
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| System type | Low-frequency high-energy pulsed electromagnetic |
| Time window | Up to 4096 ns (configuration-dependent) |
| Antenna type | Low-frequency resistively loaded dipoles |
| Transmitter | High-energy pulsed operation |
| Deployment | Remote and difficult terrain — proven in extreme conditions |
| Primary applications | Mineral exploration, deep hydrogeology, structural mapping |
Field Performance Range
Both systems have been operated continuously since 2006 across 63 countries on 5 continents, in conditions ranging from arctic glacier surveys at 4,500 m elevation to tropical high-humidity environments and high-altitude desert. The hardware specifications above are catalogue parameters — actual performance in any given project depends on site conditions.
Temperature range tested in field
−30°C to +45°C
Maximum elevation operated
4,500 m
Acquisition speed (standard terrain)
Up to 1 km / 45 min
Maximum investigation depth (favorable conditions)
~200 m
Loza-N — Field Configuration
Low-frequency antenna system and pulsed transmitter — configuration varies by project
